This report provides a comparative analysis of circular approaches to plastics in Japan and the European Union (EU), covering measures for plastic reduction, reuse, recycling and sustainable alternatives (part 1). It also compares their respective green public procurement (GPP) policies, looking at how these can be leveraged for realising a circular loop of plastics and reducing pollution (part 2). Areas for information sharing and mutual learning to inform future Japan-EU exchanges are suggested throughout the report.